Guide
Découvert hors ligne
Une ligne de crédit facultative dans l'allocation, pour qu'un client puisse payer hors ligne même avec un petit solde préfinancé. Le partenaire est le prêteur de référence.
Cette page est disponible en anglais pour le moment.
How it works
A customer can ask for an overdraft line when they load an offline vault. The line is part of the signed allowance (credit), so merchants see one spending cap, funded + credit, and do not need to know which part is which.
- Spending draws the funded part first. Only the amount above it is an overdraft drawdown.
- When the payment reaches PayVault, the drawdown creates or increases one loan for that allowance and emits
loan.drawn. The merchant is paid in full regardless. - Unspent overdraft simply lapses. No fee is charged on credit that was not used.
Limits
Three things bound an overdraft: the country ceiling, the customer's KYC tier and their history.
| Rule | Value |
|---|---|
| Country ceiling | 40% of the pack's allowanceCap |
| Tier 0 (phone number only) | No overdraft. Lending needs identity verification |
| Tier 1 (standard KYC) | Half of the ceiling, scaled by score |
| Tier 2 (full KYC) | The whole ceiling, scaled by score |
| Any fraud case on the account | No overdraft, and the credit profile is frozen |
| Any overdue loan | No overdraft until it is repaid |
| Rounding | Limits are rounded down to a whole major unit |
| Available now | Limit, minus loans outstanding, minus credit reserved in open vaults |
The funded side has its own ceiling: a tier's share of the pack's allowanceCap. With the standard ladder that is 20%, 60% and 100% for tiers 0, 1 and 2.
Score
The score runs from 0 to 100 and scales the limit. It is recomputed each time the customer's overdraft availability is checked.
| Component | Points |
|---|---|
| Base, tier 1 | 30 |
| Base, tier 2 | 45 |
| Account age | 1 per full week, up to 15 |
| Loans repaid on time | 6 each, up to 30 |
| Settled offline payments | 1 per 5, up to 10 |
| Loans repaid late | minus 10 each |
Country pack (Nigeria, concept) allowanceCap = 5,000,000 minor (NGN 50,000)Credit ceiling 40% of cap = 2,000,000 minor (NGN 20,000)Customer: tier1 (standard KYC), account 28 days old, 2 loans repaid on time, 20 settled payments, no late loans, no fraud, nothing overduescore = 30 (tier1) + 4 (28 days / 7) + 12 (2 x 6) + 4 (20 / 5) = 50limit = floor(2,000,000 x 0.5 (tier1 share) x 50 / 100) = 500,000 minor (NGN 5,000)Vault: funded 1,000,000 + credit 500,000 -> offline cap 1,500,000Payments total 1,300,000 -> 1,000,000 from funded, 300,000 from credit (a drawdown)Fee, partner at 200 bps: ceil(300,000 x 200 / 10,000) = 6,000 minor (NGN 60)Owed: 306,000 minor, due 14 days after the first draw on this vaultFees and term
- The fee is set by the partner in basis points of the amount drawn, rounded up to the next minor unit. The default is 200 bps (2%), and the range is 0 to 5,000 bps.
- The term is set by the partner, 1 to 90 days, default 14, counted from the first draw on the allowance. A later draw on the same allowance adds to the same loan; the due date does not move.
- Fees are on drawdowns only, never on funded spending. The fee is fixed when the payment settles.
Repayment
- Automatic: on hosted ledgers, whenever money arrives in the customer's wallet (a top-up, an incoming transfer, merchant earnings moved to the wallet), open loans are repaid from it, oldest first.
- On demand: the customer can repay part or all at any time.
- Overdue: a scheduled job marks loans past their due date as overdue. That blocks new overdraft. Collection and write-off policy belong to the partner.
- External ledgers: PayVault records the loan and emits
loan.drawn. You book and collect the repayment in your own system.
Who lends
The partner is the lender of record. It extends the credit, holds the receivable, carries the credit risk and is the party the regulator sees. PayVault computes the offline mechanics (the cap, the drawdown, the loan record and the events) and, in the reference implementation, an illustrative scoring policy. PayVault does not lend its own money and does not hold a lending licence.